Here’s this week’s Media Mix, about the aging population in Japan’s prison system and the media’s role in keeping inmates in jail longer. One aspect of the issue that I didn’t explain in enough detail was what happens to ex-convicts, especially those who actually do get released on parole. As in the U.S. and other developed countries, people who are released on parole are monitored by parole officers to whom they have to report on a regular basis. The difference in other countries is that after a designated period of time, if the former prisoner has fulfilled the conditions of his parole properly, he no longer has to report to an officer and is deemed to have paid his debt to society. In Japan, however, such ex-cons are parolees for life, meaning they are considered to be in violation of parole if they ever do anything wrong and will promptly be returned to jail, probably for the rest of their life if their original sentence was an indefinite one. It’s another reason why so many convicted felons with indefinite sentences end up dying in prison.
The people who support this style of punishment will say that almost all the people sentenced to indefinite incarceration have been convicted of murder and so it should not be easy for them to obtain release. This justification brings us back to the original thesis of the column, which is that Japanese prison is about punishment and revenge, not rehabilitation. Vague by definition, indefinite sentences can be used by prosecutors to lock up criminals for life without their knowing about it, since many, it seems, think they have a chance of being released after a certain period of time, just the way the public does. It is an inherently dishonest form of punishment, because the convicted person doesn’t really know how long he will be in prison. In a way, it’s the same, only worse, for those sentenced to death. If the status is any indication, most death row inmates will die in jail of old age, all the while wondering when that fateful knock on the cell door will come.
If 2015 was the year of Black Lives Matter, then 2016 was the year Black Lives Matters mattered, since the meaning of the movement—recognizing that conditioned racism not only still existed, but continued to have a deadly impact—was borne out in such a 
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As everyone has already noted many times, it was a pretty terrible year all around. As far as movies go, it’s difficult to tell if it was any worse or any better than average. Since I didn’t see as many films as I did during my heyday as a critic (1995-2010) I can’t say anything definite in that regard, though I did make a concerted attempt to see the movies that seemed to matter, and probably because of that effort my list isn’t going to surprise anyone. The usual subjects are present and accounted for. However, because the year was so fraught with drama with respect to international and local news, I derived more than my usual level of enjoyment from the Busan International Film Festival in October, which tends to occupy a kind of oasis in my year free from quotidian cares. The 2016 version benefited from a touch more cognitive dissonance, since the festival itself was hit by a partial boycott owing to the city of Busan’s suit against various festival honchos as political retribution for their showing a movie in 2014 that the mayor didn’t like. BIFF was supposed to be a bust this year, but I had a better time than I’d had there in ages, and mainly because of the quality of the films I saw. I especially loved The Handmaiden, Park Chan-wook’s lurid sexual melodrama set during Japan’s colonial rule of Korea, one of the purest cinema experiences I’ve enjoyed in some time. But several other Korean films at the festival were also among the best of my year, and so should show up on this list 12 months from now since they are scheduled to be released in Japan sometime during that time period. It is something to look forward to, and that’s an important notion to keep in mind during these dark times. Let’s just hope I’m still reviewing movies in December 2017. At this point, I can’t say for sure.
Warm on a Cold Night
A Bigger Splash