April 2013 movies

Here are the movie reviews I wrote for the April issue of EL Magazine, which was distributed in Tokyo on Monday.

annakareninaAnna Karenina
Arguably the greatest novel ever written and one of the few whose scope translates easily to the screen, Tolstoy’s love story is treated as a candy-colored melodrama by director Joe Wright and screenwriter Tom Stoppard, a movie that is as much about its own capacity to dazzle as it is about the source material. Keira Knightley plays the title character as if she were an idol of St. Petersburg’s smart set. Smartly downplaying the more philosophical Levin storyline, this Karenina comes close to Harlequin territory with its breathy love scenes between Anna and the showy, incautious Count Vronsky (Aaron Taylor-Johnson). An indication of the filmmakers’ desire to make this a story that appeals to unsuspecting youth is the counter-typecasting of Jude Law as the cuckolded Karenin and his suitably fuddy-duddy reaction to his wife’s infidelity, which starts the ball rolling toward her famous fate. Though the contrast between the amoral, instinctive Anna-Vronsky affair and the chaste, spiritual Levin-Kitty courtship remains the story’s nexus of contemplation, in this version love is simply a train that runs you over. (photo: Focus Features) Continue reading

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Media Mix, Mar. 24, 2013

imagesHere’s this week’s Media Mix, which is about coverage of a new prenatal screening test and the attendant discussion of abortion in Japan. The general opinion, both here and abroad, is that abortion is legal in Japan, but while it is widespread (more than 210,000 performed in 2010) it is not, strictly speaking, legal. It can only be performed under two conditions: if delivery of the child endangers the mother’s life, or if the mother cannot afford to raise the child. As pointed out in the column, the latter condition is the one used for the vast majority of pregnancy terminations in Japan, even if the women who undergo them don’t know it. There has been some controversy over the years, albeit of a very hushed nature, as to whether or not this financial condition has been supported by gynecologists who make their living from abortions, but since no one really wants to talk about it in the open it’s difficult to say. The greater prevalence of prenatal testing to discover birth defects and other disorders in fetuses, however, has forced the medical community to talk about abortion more openly since it is assumed that pregnant women may opt for abortion if they think their baby could have problems. The Aera article cited in the column explains that the opinion among doctors is split, with some saying that the “abortion crime law” should be amended to include mention of fetal health. However, one physician believes the law should more readily “adhere to international ethical standards with regard to the right to life,” which I take to mean that the fetus is considered a human being with a full set of civil rights. A different doctor believes that making a law protecting the fetus will simply “open up a Pandora’s Box,” because of the “gray zone” of determining what constitutes a life and what doesn’t, especially when talking about fetuses with very serious birth defects. In any event, the abortion law has been hidden for too long, and has been used by the government as more of an economic tool than a medical or even a moral one, as explained in this report. As often happens in such legal arguments that involve government policy, the people most directly involved, in this case women, haven’t been sufficiently consulted.

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Media Mix, Mar. 17, 2013

UnknownHere’s this week’s Media Mix about the Shinsai Big Data project, which endeavors to make sense of data recorded on March 11, 2011 in the areas of northeastern Japan that were hit the hardest by the tsunami caused by the 9.0 magnitude earthquake. Rereading the column in the paper this morning I realized it may come across as a sort of magic bullet—a means of managing disasters as they happen—but in truth the only aim of the project now is to evaluate that data. Any recommendations that follow have more to do with changing people’s perceptions of how to act in an emergency, rather than how to utilize GPS and mobile phone data, as well as social networks, in the event of a disaster. In other words, the value of the knowledge gained by the project is still in the realm of preparedness. For sure, social networks are going to be a very valuable tool in disaster management from now on, but such considerations can be addressed without having to study how they were used during 311, though such study is helpful. What the project really tells us is that preparedness measures have been insufficient so far. The implication that people drove toward the most dangerous areas and were then killed in their cars when the tsunami hit indicates that not enough has been done to educate people who live in at-risk zones. Also, better evacuation plans should be drawn up, stressing distance from the shore rather than just height above sea level. It’s understandable that under such tense circumstances people will first think of the safety of their loved ones, but the data implies that a good number of people died trying to do that. Given the reality of human nature perhaps it’s useless to expect people will leave their loved ones behind if they think they have even the slightest chance of saving them, but they have to be made aware of the fact that an automobile in such a situation may end up being a tomb rather than a tool. What the NHK program suggested to me was that anyone in danger of being a victim of a quake or tsunami—and that includes almost everyone in Japan—must be told of which areas are more dangerous than others. More significantly, schools and nursing homes and other facilities catering to individuals with less mobility should not be built in isolated places that cannot be readily reached by rescue personnel. These are exigencies that don’t require mathematical analysis, just common sense.

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March 2013 albums

Here are the album reviews I wrote for the March issue of EL Magazine, which was distributed in Tokyo last Monday.

asaprockyT.I.13LONG.LIVE.A$AP
-A$AP Rocky (RCA/Sony)
Trouble Man: Heavy Is the Head
-T.I. (Atlantic/Warner)
A$AP Rocky’s fledgling career is a rubber-band throwback to the days when big labels made a difference. After securing a $3 million contract based on nothing but a mixtape he delayed release of a proper debut album not once, not twice, but three times. Media as well-informed as Pitchfork speculated that he would be dropped by Sony, but here’s the album at last and all is forgiven. He may have Kendrick Lamar to thank for that. Timing is everything and it’s difficult to imagine that six months ago this sort of personal, idiosyncratic rap would have attracted the same attention it now does in the wake of the left-field success of good kid, m.A.A.d. city. Granted, input from the likes of Skrillex, Florence Welch, and Lamar himself can’t help but raise eyebrows, but unlike the usual guest gambits these are positioned for their novelty effect. Nothing interferes with Rocky’s solipsistic naturalism. Though he focuses on the usual lifestyle perks—”PMW,” which stands for “pussy, money, weed,” is a statement of purpose—he thinks deeply about matters that most rappers toss off, which begs the question we’ve been asking since Biggie made huge gold chains a statement: Is materialism worth rapping about? Though Ma$e appropriated the symbol of mammon first (sorry Ke$ha), Rocky actually ponders its implications. That $3 million makes more than one appearance on these tracks, not to mention what it’s already bought. When he talks about his roach-infested childhood on “Suddenly,” it makes an impression, especially as he rattles off, in the course of only two lines, a litany of death and exile and betrayal. Maybe Jay-Z and Nas told the same tales with more force and greater humor, but that was almost two decades ago and in the meantime money has become the be-all-end-all of major league rap. Even 50 Cent won’t cop to anything except the challenge. Besides, Rocky’s beats, regardless of where they come from, complement his street smarts with the sort of pop universalism that justifies the advance and gives it meaning. Long live free enterprise, an ethos T.I. could theoretically take issue with, considering how much jail time it’s bought him. At one time the standard bearer for the moneybags hip-hop movement, the Atlanta rapper has struggled to reclaim the banner since his incarceration for weapons possession. One problem is his attempt to exploit his criminal past by recreating some of the incidents that got him arrested. Is the use of Marvin Gaye’s original theme song for a blaxploitation flick and that huge gun on the movie-poster cover part of a big joke? It wouldn’t matter as much if the music were consistently compelling, but the production jumps from arena rock to squiggly minimalism with little concern for T.I.’s ability to adjust. As a result the many guests, which include Rocky, overshadow him. It’s good to know he has lots of new capitalist endeavors unrelated to rapping. Continue reading

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March 2013 movies

Here are the movie reviews I wrote for the March issue of EL Magazine, which was distributed in Tokyo on Monday.

amourAmour
Michael Haneke’s unsentimental study of the decay of flesh and soul couldn’t be opening at a more appropriate time. In the wake of Taro Aso’s clumsy comment about how old people should “hurry up and die” the subject of expiring with some measure of grace and comfort is suddenly topical. The elderly couple in Haneke’s film, Georges (Jean-Louis Trintignant) and Anne (Emmanuelle Riva), are neither poor nor isolated from society. They live in an airy, spacious Paris apartment and have a daughter, Eva (Issabelle Huppert), who, while not as attentive as she should be, is nevertheless there when she’s needed. The couple leads an active intellectual life, taking in concerts and keeping up on literature. Haneke hasn’t always been polite in his depiction of this species of European (Cache) but his purpose in showing Georges and Anne at a piano recital and then, more importantly, taking public transportation is to drive home the point that death and illness strikes everyone—poor and rich, conservative and liberal—pretty much the same way. But this is a personal story, as the title implies, and there are important choices to me made when a loved one starts showing signs of fading. Anne suddenly freezes during breakfast, and then returns as if nothing happened, but, of course, something did. Haneke elides the more graphic elements, and in the next scene Anne has already undergone an operation to remove “an obstruction from her carotid artery” that should have gone well but didn’t. We learn this not from the physician involved but from an almost too casual conversation between Georges and Eva, and only after Eva has dominated the conversation with her own trivial worries. The tension between father and daughter, however, is palpable, because neither wants to face the fact that this is the beginning of the end, and it’s this refusal to confront the inevitable that grounds the drama. Perhaps because she knows what she’s in for, Anne wants to talk about it, but Georges resists, and almost perversely decides that he can take care of Anne, bedridden but still in possession of her faculties, by himself. At first, her deterioration is chronicled in subtle ways—a difficulty in opening a book, an avoidance of mirrors—but soon enough, the descent into incontinence and incomprehensibility accelerates. Georges has to hire a nurse, and then fires her in a stupid fit of bourgeois entitlement. As Anne’s condition worsens, the world seems to retreat, the apartment gets darker, and Georges is isolated in his loneliness, chasing pigeons out a window and seeing ghosts. If Haneke is a master of anything it is the abrupt gesture, and when Georges finally decides to act, his desperation is terrifying, because we can see what’s in store for us, too. In French. (photo: Les Films du Losange-X Filme Creative Pool-Wega Film-France 3 Cinema-Ard Degeto-Bayerischer Rundfunk-Westdeutscher Rundfunk) Continue reading

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Media Mix, Feb. 24, 2013

Straight from the horse's...: basashi

Straight from the horse’s…: basashi

Here’s this week’s Media Mix, which is about vegetarianism as an expression of conscience. The article is not meant to advocate meat-free diets. My point is that the moral imperative which informs vegetarianism is worth discussing and it is not discussed in Japan because too many parties have something at stake. I would guess that in the developed world vegetarians are still in the minority, but I also guess their number is rising all the time. You hear of no such movement in Japan, mainly because the media indirectly brand vegetarians as being far outside the mainstream. Though less contentious, the anti-fur movement is also a touchy subject, but there are a few celebrities who have come out as being against the killing of animals simply to satisfy fashion prerogatives: Becky, who I mentioned in the column, Aya Sugimoto, Miyoko Atsuda are three who have publicized their objection to fur. The pop singer Nakano Sun Plaza is also anti-fur, and, in fact, is a vegetarian, though he never discusses it when he’s on TV. Greenpeace’s agenda is generally environmental in nature, but its anti-whaling activities are only mentioned by the press when they involve alleged illegalities, such as the theft of whale meat that prompted a criminal investigation. Though the Greenpeace activists cited in the investigation were Japanese, they were portrayed as advancing a foreign agenda that ran counter to Japanese interests. Continue reading

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Donald Richie

250px-Donald_RichieMy first encounter with Donald Richie, who died earlier this week at the age of 88, was a pleasant surprise, since it was he who approached me. In late 1995, about a year after I started my Media Mix column in the Japan Times, I received a letter from him that had been forwarded by the JT. He wrote that he always looked forward to reading me “in the paper” and “much enjoy[ed] the column.” He was prompted to get in touch by a recent piece I had written about the relationship between “the royals,” as he called them, and the media. “And it occurred to me that you might like to read about my recent encounter with their imperial highnesses and their keepers. This is not for publication, naturally, merely for your amusement.” Enclosed was a four-page, single-spaced, word-processed manuscript, seemingly taken from a longer work (pagination), about a visit to the newly rebuilt imperial palace. At first I was confused because the date in the heading was “5 October 1955,” and after reading through the MS and noting a number of typos and run-on sentences I concluded the thing hadn’t been copy-edited. Though I hadn’t read much of Donald’s work at that point aside from his weekly book reviews in the JT and his piecemeal memoirs in Tokyo Journal, I knew his reputation and was delighted to have received from him what seemed like an unpublished article, flattering myself that maybe I was the first one to see it. The piece recounted Donald’s first ever visit to the palace. Besides providing a rare, detailed glimpse of what actually exists within that highly fortified compound in the middle of Chiyoda Ward (“…then down what looked much like a country road on either side of which were further walls and behind them virgin forest which is the heart of this land. I had heard rabbits and foxes still lived here, in the center of Tokyo, but I didn’t see any…”), he at last enlightened me on just what it is the emperor and empress say to their guests as they stroll down a line of well-wishers. Though I wouldn’t characterize the tone as irreverent, it wasn’t bemused either. He was genuinely fascinated by the ritual aspects but under no illusion that these peoople had any sort of traction on reality. “They glided from the room,” he wrote. “Yes, glided, for their gait was also practiced. It was this that made me suddenly become conscious of a word which had been waiting there during the entire audience and now appeared: ghosts.” He cared enough about them as people to wonder how they lived their lives but not enough to feel sorry for them. I was happy to read at the end of the piece that while all the other guests actually got down on the floor to bow to their hosts, he did not. “I have nothing against full obeisance and will occasionally employ it when needed, but I thought that this promiscuous kowtowing had nothing to do with me and so I politely smiled and merely inclined from the waist whenever looked at.” Continue reading

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Getting it wrong on “bessei”

This weekend the Cabinet Office released the results of a survey showing that “fewer people” supported the idea of allowing married couples to use separate names. This issue has been simmering for at least a decade and every time a change has been proposed to the Civil Code allowing separate names, or bessei, it’s been shot down by lawmakers and pundits who say it will undermine the integrity of the family. From my reading of the subject, it’s clear that the problem is in the way the issue is framed. It seems a good portion of the public believes that the proposed changes would mandate separate names, when, of course, it’s completely different. It would simply let couples decide for themselves whether or not they want to take the same name. Here is an essay I wrote in 2004, when the change seemed more likely.
(Update below)

The so-called culture wars that have reignited in the United States over the legitimacy of gay marriages may influence this year’s presidential election despite a general feeling that there are more important issues. The problem with gay marriage as a social issue is that both sides work against their own interests by politicizing it. Conservatives who push for a constitutional amendment to ban it come across as anti-democratic and fanatical, while homosexual couples who flock to San Francisco to get legally hitched reinforce the idea of marriage as a state-approved arrangement. Continue reading

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Media Mix, Feb. 17, 2013

Ryoko Tani

Ryoko Tani

Here’s this week’s Media Mix about the judo scandal. Central to the issue, as far as the media is concerned, is judo’s relationship to the Olympics. In the column I say that organized judo is nothing without the Olympics, a provocatively hyperbolic statement meant to focus attention on the single-mindedness of athletic endeavor in Japan. Last week when the IOC announced it would likely do away with wrestling for the 2020 games, the reaction was apoplectic. Young wrestlers who would presumably reach competitive capability for those games despaired that their lives no longer have meaning. The Olympics is the only event that gives them purpose. The sport itself is obviously not enough, so the natural question you ask yourself is: What is the real purpose of sports? To certain athletes it is a career, preferably a professional one that allows them to sharpen their skills while making money until those skills are no longer marketable, at which point they’ve either made enough money to retire comfortably, embark on an adjunct career in sports, like announcing, or retreat into a job that has nothing to do with sports. Until, say, thirty years ago, this third possibility was hardly considered a disgrace simply because it was by far the most likely. Just as very, very few athletes make it as a professional, very, very few professional athletes grow rich enough to retire when their bodies give out or find subsequent work in their particular sport (coaching, administration, whatever). The professional life of an athlete is short by definition. The Olympics is the be-all-end-all for amateur athletes, the means of extending one’s “career” in sports beyond its natural sell-by date. With the exception of participants in non-strenuous events, like shooting or equestrianism, most Olympic athletes are not expected to continue pursuing medals after their university years. Think of Mark Spitz. He was the most decorated Olympian up until only a few years ago, an achievement no one could take away from him, but after college he became a dentist and never swam again competitively. These days, the Mark Spitzes of the world keep swimming as long as humanly and economically possible, making a career out of being an Olympian. What was once the culminating recognition of an adolescent’s love of a sport has become an end in itself–and beyond. In Japan, the media plays up this aspect of Olympic ambition by turning medalists and potential medalists into media stars outside their specific sports, and at the same time they continue to participate in the Olympics. Ryoko Tani, Japan’s most beloved judoka, became a politician in a perverse inversion of the normal celebrity dynamic. Usually, public office is a career capper for a person who became famous in some other capacity, but in Tani’s case it was merely a means of keeping her in the public eye. Her real goal seems to be to continue competing at Olympics until she’s a grandmother, a goal that was effectively stymied at London, when she didn’t make the team despite everyone’s expectation that she would. Thankfully, individuals in the IOC and/or the All Japan Judo Federation realized what it would look like to once again give Tani a pass to the Games based solely on her ability to attract attention; but that’s what the Olympics is about anyway. It’s gone beyond the culmination thing. The Olympics, like a celebrated career in professional sports, can guarantee for a lucky few a lifetime of celebrity livelihood. Twenty years ago, you never saw Olympic athletes as TV talent. Now, they are practically ubiquitous as such. Even during the four-year layoffs between games, they appear on countless variety shows with nothing to offer but the glow of accomplishment in an endeavor whose only value to observers is the opportunity to see exceptional athletic talent. For the amateur athlete the Olympics is no longer the be-all-end-all. It’s the path to show biz.

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Media Mix, Jan. 27, 2013

52bccc10d95bb43d19e878fcb0cd6648Here’s this week’s Media Mix about oidashi beya, a relatively new method of personnel rationalization where redundant employees are assigned to sections that give them nothing to do. The term was made popular in a feature by the Asahi Shimbun, but in the column I mentioned another article in Aera, published by the same parent company, which covers the topic but from a more hopeful perspective: white collar workers who have managed to find better jobs after their layoffs. One man in his 40s who tells the magazine that he was transferred to an oidashi beya in the winter of 2011. But the section is called the Career Design Department, so it’s not as much of a euphemism as other companies’ oidashi beya. The man’s task after his assignment was to prepare for transfer “outside the company,” meaning he was given some assistance to find work elsewhere, and though he would continue to receive pay and benefits his salary would decrease by ¥500,000 a year as long as he remained there. At first, the man felt despair, because he had always received favorable evaluations from his superiors. There was a strong “why me?” character to his desperation, but when you learn that he was getting ¥7.5 million a year you can understand why the company targeted him for layoff. In accordance with lifetime employment tradition, his company would be expected to increase that pay regularly until he retired in 20 years. If this doesn’t sound particularly hopeful, bear in mind that others portrayed in the article have actually done better, presumably because they looked on the layoff as an opportunity. I don’t mean to sugarcoat the scary experience of losing one’s job in middle age, but this has been a burgeoning reality for almost 20 years, and anyone who thinks that his company’s first priority is his livelihood is obviously living a fantasy. It’s obvious from the article that the people who have survived their career change did so because they didn’t romanticize their positions within their previous companies. One man, also in his 40s, was let go by “a major electronics maker” and, thanks to the employment outreach service hired by the company to help redundant employees find new work, gained a position at a stationery company, which at first sounded like a step down, but after he started working he was “shocked” by the “profit margins” that his new company commands. Though electronics has more prestige, fierce competition results in smaller profits. In a sense, his eyes were opened: reputation means nothing if the company isn’t making enough money. A few laid off workers in the article were headhunted by foreign firms, mainly American, Taiwanese, and Korean. One even went to Samsung, his previous company’s rival, and he realized that one of the ways the Korean giant became a world leader was by hiring Japanese guys like him and appropriating their management know-how, not to mention their technological expertise. He didn’t feel any sense of betrayal at all. It’s just business. As one company president told Aera, if you’re in a company that’s losing money and you think you’re going to be laid off, be proactive and start looking before they let you go, because once you are you’re tainted meat “and your market value goes down,” in both the eyes of potential employers and, more importantly, your own head.

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